Description:
The description of this guide must begin with absolute clarity about what faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 actually is, because confusion at this stage costs beginners months of wasted effort. In simple words, faceless YouTube automation means building a channel where you never show your face, and instead you share knowledge through voice, screen recordings, stock videos, or simple animation. The word “automation” is often misunderstood. It does not mean money arrives while you sleep. It means you create a repeatable system—same script style, same editing flow, same upload days—so that making the tenth video takes far less time than making the first one. This is the honest promise of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026. It suits school students, teachers, working professionals, and homemakers because it removes the biggest fear: being judged on camera. But it also comes with a real warning. Because anyone can start, the platform is now full of copy-paste videos. The people who succeed are not the ones with the most expensive tools. They are the ones who pick one clear topic and explain it better than everyone else, using local examples, simple language, and genuine effort. This guide walks you through ten practical points. You will learn how to choose a low-competition niche, how to test your idea with the Three P Rule, how to study small winning channels, how to build a cheap tool stack, how to write scripts that sound human, how RPM really works, how to sell a small e-book alongside your channel, how the February 2027 rule change will affect you, and how to follow a thirty-day action plan without buying any course. Every point is written in simple English and connected to real Indian examples, because faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 works best when the advice matches the reality of the person reading it. By the end of this description, you should understand that this is not a get-rich-quick scheme. It is a skill-based small business that rewards patience, consistency, and honest value. If you are ready to build one video at a time, this guide is for you.
1. Decoding the Core Concept of Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
The foundational premise of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 necessitates a precise definition to avoid costly misconceptions. First, the term “faceless” denotes the deliberate absence of the creator’s physical presence on camera; instead, value is delivered through voiceover narration, screen capture demonstrations, stock footage montages, or animated sequences. Second, the word “automation” does not imply a fully passive income stream; rather, it refers to the construction of repeatable production templates—standardized script formats, editing workflows, and publishing schedules—that render each video’s creation more efficient than the last. Third, this model eliminates the primary psychological barrier for aspiring Indian creators, namely the fear of public scrutiny, thereby democratizing access to content creation for students, teachers, and professionals who prefer anonymity. Fourth, the competitive landscape of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 has intensified because the removal of the on-camera barrier has flooded the platform with lookalike content; consequently, differentiation through superior explanation, unique local examples, and consistent quality has become the sole sustainable advantage. Fifth, the model functions best when conceptualized as a small-scale media enterprise rather than a lottery ticket, requiring inventory (videos), customer service (audience engagement), and operational discipline. Sixth, the absence of a human face does not exempt the creator from YouTube’s authenticity policies; the platform evaluates the substance and originality of content, not merely the presence of a person. Seventh, beginners must recognize that the first ten videos serve as a learning laboratory where production efficiency and audience retention are the primary metrics, not immediate revenue. Eighth, the “automation” aspect matures only after a creator has manually produced enough videos to identify which elements can be templated without sacrificing quality. Ninth, the Indian context offers a unique advantage: a vast, underserved audience seeking explanations in regional languages and local contexts, which large global channels routinely overlook. Tenth, the most successful practitioners of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 treat the channel as a compounding asset—each video builds authority, each subscriber increases distribution, and each iteration refines the system—rather than a series of disconnected uploads. This conceptual clarity is the prerequisite for every subsequent strategic decision.
2. Selecting a Commercially Viable Niche in Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
The selection of an appropriate niche constitutes the single most consequential decision in faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026, because it determines audience size, advertiser demand, and long-term creative sustainability. First, a viable niche must possess demonstrable advertiser interest; personal finance, legal education, medical case studies, and B2B software tutorials consistently command higher RPMs because advertisers in these sectors pay premium rates to reach engaged viewers. Second, the niche should exhibit low competition relative to search volume; for instance, broad topics like “motivation” are saturated beyond viability, whereas specific queries such as “how a college student in India can start a ₹500 SIP” remain underserved. Third, the creator must possess sufficient proficiency to explain the topic better than existing videos; a niche where the creator cannot add unique insight will result in content indistinguishable from the AI-generated flood. Fourth, the niche should align with the creator’s genuine interest to sustain motivation through the initial six-month period when revenue is negligible. Fifth, geographic considerations matter: niches that attract viewers from the United States, United Kingdom, and Europe yield substantially higher RPMs than those targeting exclusively Indian audiences, though Indian-specific niches can compensate through lower competition and higher trust. Sixth, the chosen niche should have evergreen potential—topics that remain relevant for years rather than months—to ensure videos continue generating views long after publication. Seventh, the niche must permit a repeatable format; if every video requires a completely new production approach, the automation benefit evaporates. Eighth, beginners should validate the niche by identifying at least five small channels (under 10,000 subscribers) achieving disproportionate view counts, which signals algorithmic favorability and unmet demand. Ninth, the niche should lend itself to natural product extensions—e-books, templates, courses, or consulting—so that faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 becomes a funnel rather than a terminal destination. Tenth, the creator must resist the temptation to choose a niche solely based on reported high earnings without verifying personal aptitude; a finance channel run by someone indifferent to finance will fail, whereas a niche aligned with genuine expertise compounds over time.
3. Applying the Tripartite Evaluation Framework to Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
Before committing resources, practitioners of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 should subject their proposed niche to a rigorous tripartite evaluation encompassing passion, proficiency, and profit. First, the passion criterion demands honest self-assessment: can the creator discuss this topic for six months without experiencing intellectual fatigue? The initial phase of any channel involves low view counts and minimal revenue, and only genuine interest sustains effort through this trough. Second, the proficiency criterion requires the creator to identify a specific dimension where their knowledge exceeds that of the average viewer; this could be formal education, professional experience, or lived experience such as navigating government bureaucracy or managing a small business. Third, the profit criterion necessitates empirical validation: are advertisers actively bidding for keywords in this niche, and do existing small channels demonstrate monetization success? Fourth, the intersection of these three criteria defines the viable niche; if any single criterion is absent, the channel will eventually stagnate due to boredom, incompetence, or unprofitability. Fifth, the framework should be applied iteratively; a creator may identify a broad area of passion (e.g., cricket) and then narrow it to a proficiency-driven sub-niche (e.g., cricket statistics analysis for fantasy league players) that also satisfies profit criteria. Sixth, beginners should document their tripartite analysis in writing, because the act of articulation exposes hidden assumptions and unrealistic expectations. Seventh, the profit criterion should be assessed using free tools such as Google Trends, YouTube search autocomplete, and manual examination of advertiser presence, rather than relying on paid courses that promise secret niches. Eighth, the passion criterion should be revisited quarterly; what seemed fascinating in January may become tedious by July, and early recognition of declining interest allows for strategic pivoting before sunk costs accumulate. Ninth, the proficiency criterion is not static; a creator can deliberately acquire expertise through structured learning, but this requires time that faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 aspirants often underestimate. Tenth, the tripartite framework ultimately functions as a risk mitigation tool: channels that satisfy all three criteria are more resilient to algorithmic changes, policy shifts, and competitive pressures than those built on a single dimension.
4. Conducting Competitive Intelligence for Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
Systematic competitive intelligence is an indispensable discipline within faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026, enabling newcomers to learn from proven patterns rather than guessing blindly. First, the creator should identify ten small channels within the chosen niche that exhibit view-to-subscriber ratios exceeding 5:1, which indicates that the algorithm is actively distributing their content to non-subscribers. Second, for each identified channel, the creator should document the titles of the five most-viewed videos, analyzing the specific words, numbers, and emotional triggers that generate curiosity. Third, thumbnail analysis is equally critical: the creator should note the color schemes, facial expressions (even in faceless niches, thumbnails often feature objects or symbolic imagery), text overlays, and compositional structures that recur across high-performing videos. Fourth, the first thirty seconds of each successful video warrant close transcription; the hook—whether a provocative question, a surprising statistic, or a relatable problem—determines whether viewers remain or click away, and this element can be adapted without plagiarism. Fifth, the creator should map the upload frequency and video duration patterns of successful small channels to understand what cadence the algorithm currently rewards in that niche. Sixth, comment sections provide unfiltered audience intelligence: recurring questions, complaints, and requests reveal gaps that existing channels have failed to address, which represent direct opportunities for differentiation. Seventh, the creator should examine the monetization strategies visible in successful channels—affiliate links in descriptions, sponsored segments, merchandise, or digital products—to understand the full revenue architecture rather than focusing solely on AdSense. Eighth, competitive intelligence must include an assessment of content saturation: if ten small channels are already producing near-identical videos on the same subtopic, the creator should pivot to an adjacent angle with less crowding. Ninth, the creator should maintain a running document of competitive insights that is updated monthly, because the landscape of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 evolves rapidly and yesterday’s gap may be today’s crowded market. Tenth, the ultimate purpose of competitive intelligence is not imitation but informed differentiation: understanding what works allows the creator to deliver superior value, not merely replicate existing content with minor variations.
5. Assembling a Cost-Effective Production Toolkit for Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
Financial discipline in tool acquisition distinguishes sustainable practitioners of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 from those who exhaust their capital before earning their first rupee. First, the creator must recognize that the tool market is saturated with redundant products, and a twelve-month Indian experiment testing twenty-three separate tools concluded that only seven delivered measurable value, resulting in approximately ₹47,000 wasted on unused subscriptions. Second, the foundational principle is to begin exclusively with free tiers: Claude or ChatGPT for script outlining, ElevenLabs free credits or the creator’s own voice for narration, CapCut for editing, and Pexels or Pixabay for stock footage. Third, the creator should resist purchasing any paid tool until a specific revenue milestone has been achieved; for instance, the first ₹5,000 earned from the channel can justify a $20 monthly scriptwriting subscription. Fourth, when upgrading becomes necessary, the creator should select one tool per functional category—scriptwriting, voiceover, editing, and visuals—and avoid overlapping subscriptions that perform identical tasks. Fifth, the total monthly expenditure for a fully operational **faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026** pipeline should not exceed $44 to $59 (approximately ₹3,700 to ₹5,000) until the channel generates consistent revenue exceeding that amount. Sixth, the creator should leverage free educational resources, including YouTube tutorials and official documentation, rather than purchasing courses that repackage publicly available information. Seventh, hardware requirements are minimal: a basic laptop or even a smartphone with sufficient storage can handle scriptwriting, voiceover recording, and video editing for the first fifty videos. Eighth, the creator should audit tool subscriptions quarterly, canceling any service that has not been used in the preceding thirty days, because subscription creep is a silent drain on profitability. Ninth, the creator should explore Indian-specific tools and platforms where available, as local alternatives often offer competitive pricing and UPI payment integration, reducing friction for domestic transactions. Tenth, the overarching philosophy of **faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026** is that tools are accelerators, not substitutes for skill; a creator with a $5 microphone and exceptional storytelling will outperform a creator with a $500 microphone and generic scripts.
6. Crafting Authentic Scripts within Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
Script quality constitutes the principal differentiator in faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026, because AI has commoditized production while leaving authentic storytelling scarce. First, artificial intelligence should be deployed exclusively for structural tasks—generating outlines, suggesting transitions, or reformatting complex information—rather than for the final prose, which requires human judgment and lived experience. Second, the creator must inject personal anecdotes, local references, and culturally specific examples that no AI can generate; a video about budgeting becomes memorable when it references the price of a Mumbai local train ticket or the cost of a semester fee at a Delhi university. Third, sentences should be shortened ruthlessly; the average viewer’s attention span online is measured in seconds, and long, subordinate-clause-heavy constructions cause retention to plummet. Fourth, the creator should read every script aloud during the editing process, because spoken language differs fundamentally from written language, and stumbling over a phrase indicates that viewers will also struggle. Fifth, each script should contain a distinct, articulable thesis—a single sentence that explains why this video exists beyond “the topic is popular”—and this thesis should be stated within the first thirty seconds. Sixth, the script must comply with YouTube’s authenticity guidelines by offering original analysis, commentary, or synthesis; merely narrating publicly available information without transformation risks classification as “inauthentic content.” Seventh, the creator should incorporate open-loop structures—posing questions early and answering them later—to maintain psychological tension and discourage early abandonment. Eighth, calls to action should be woven naturally into the script rather than appended mechanically; a finance video can mention the creator’s e-book as a natural extension of the advice being given, rather than as an intrusive advertisement. Ninth, the creator should maintain a script template that standardizes intro length, body structure, and outro format, ensuring efficiency without sacrificing faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 quality standards. Tenth, every script should be reviewed against a simple question: “Would a viewer feel that their time was well spent after watching this?” If the answer is uncertain, the script requires revision before production begins.
7. Comprehending Revenue Per Mille in Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
A sophisticated understanding of Revenue Per Mille (RPM) is essential for anyone serious about faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026, because the gap between views and income is vast and frequently misunderstood. First, RPM represents the revenue earned per thousand video views after YouTube’s revenue share, and it varies dramatically based on audience geography, advertiser competition, and content category. Second, empirical data from India-registered channels demonstrates that a Hindi moral-story channel earning $36 per month from 650,000+ views can coexist with an English engineering channel earning $4,447 per month from fewer views, illustrating a hundred-fold difference attributable solely to audience value. Third, finance, insurance, and B2B technology niches consistently yield the highest RPMs because advertisers in these sectors compete aggressively for high-intent viewers; Indian finance content can command ₹140 to ₹250 per thousand views, far exceeding general entertainment. Fourth, Shorts monetization, while faster to access, delivers RPMs as low as $0.03 to $0.10 per thousand views in India, rendering it unsuitable as a primary revenue source for faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 practitioners. Fifth, the creator should not interpret high Indian view counts as equivalent to high income; a channel with 89% Indian viewers in a low-value niche may earn less than a channel with 20% Indian viewers in a high-value niche. Sixth, strategic solutions include translating or dubbing content for Western audiences, selecting niches with inherently higher advertiser demand, and diversifying beyond AdSense into affiliate marketing, sponsorships, and digital products. Seventh, the creator should monitor RPM monthly rather than obsessing over daily view counts, because RPM reveals the actual commercial value being created. Eighth, the inclusion of a digital product—such as a ₹199 e-book—can generate more revenue from 100 sales than several months of AdSense from a small channel, fundamentally altering the economics of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026. Ninth, the creator should recognize that RPM is not fixed; as a channel matures and attracts higher-quality audiences, advertisers bid more aggressively, causing RPM to rise organically. Tenth, the ultimate lesson is that faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 is not a volume game but a value game, and creators who optimize for audience quality rather than raw view counts will achieve superior financial outcomes.
8. Integrating Digital Product Creation with Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
The integration of digital products, particularly e-books, transforms faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 from a fragile advertising-dependent model into a resilient, multi-revenue enterprise. First, the creator should begin developing a short e-book concurrently with the first videos, because the e-book can generate income within one to three months, whereas YouTube monetization often requires six to twelve months. Second, the e-book should solve a single, specific problem related to the channel’s niche; a finance channel might publish “The First ₹10,000 Investment Plan for Indian Students,” while an education channel might publish “A 30-Day Study Plan for Class 12 Board Exams.” Third, pricing should be calibrated to the Indian market: ₹99 to ₹199 for a focused 30-50 page guide, with a premium tier at ₹499 to ₹999 for resources including templates and case studies. Fourth, the payment infrastructure must support UPI, which is the dominant transaction method for Indian consumers; platforms like Instamojo and Razorpay provide native UPI integration, whereas Gumroad’s lack of native UPI checkout creates friction and reduces conversion. Fifth, the e-book should be promoted organically within every video—through description links, pinned comments, and natural verbal mentions—rather than treated as a separate marketing campaign. Sixth, the creator should offer a free lead magnet, such as a one-page checklist or template, in exchange for an email address, thereby building a direct relationship with viewers that is independent of YouTube’s algorithm. Seventh, the e-book becomes the bridge between a casual viewer and a paying customer, and this shift in relationship is the foundation of a sustainable digital business, not merely a supplementary income stream. Eighth, the creator should plan for product evolution: the first e-book may lead to a second, more comprehensive resource, a paid community, or a consulting offer, creating a ladder of increasing value. Ninth, the integration of e-books with faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 provides a hedge against policy risk, because a demonetized channel does not eliminate the email list or the product. Tenth, the most successful hybrid creators treat the YouTube channel as the top of a funnel and the e-book as the middle, ensuring that every video contributes to a compounding asset rather than a disposable view count.
9. Anticipating Regulatory Shifts in Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
Prudent practitioners of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 must plan for imminent platform policy changes that will materially alter the entry threshold for monetization. First, effective February 1, 2027, new applicants to the YouTube Partner Program will require either 8,000 valid public watch hours in the preceding twelve months or 20 million valid public Shorts views in the preceding ninety days, in addition to 1,000 subscribers—effectively doubling the current requirement of 4,000 hours. Second, this change signals YouTube’s strategic intent to reward serious, consistent creators while deterring casual side-hustlers who abandon channels after minimal effort. Third, creators currently near the 4,000-hour threshold should intensify production immediately to secure monetization before the deadline, as the grandfathered status protects existing partners. Fourth, creators starting fresh should calibrate their expectations to a twelve-to-eighteen-month horizon rather than the three-to-six-month promises common in online courses. Fifth, YouTube’s updated “inauthentic content” policy targets mass-produced, repetitive, low-originality videos, and repeated violations can result in a 90-day monetization suspension or permanent removal from the Partner Program. Sixth, artificial intelligence tools remain explicitly permitted, but they must be used as aids to human creativity rather than substitutes for original thought, commentary, or analysis. Seventh, the policy specifically scrutinizes AI personas delivering advice on sensitive topics such as health, finance, and law, requiring creators in these niches to demonstrate genuine expertise or risk demonetization. Eighth, the creator should maintain comprehensive documentation of original research, personal experience, and unique perspectives incorporated into each video, as this evidence is valuable if a policy review occurs. Ninth, the safest strategic response to these regulatory shifts is diversification: a creator with e-book sales, affiliate income, and a email list is far less vulnerable to a single policy change than one wholly dependent on AdSense. Tenth, the overarching lesson for faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 is that regulatory change is predictable, and the creators who survive are those who build adaptable systems rather than optimizing for a static rulebook.
10. Executing a Thirty-Day Implementation Plan for Faceless YouTube Automation for Beginners 2026
The transition from theoretical knowledge to practical execution in faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 requires a structured, time-bound implementation plan that converts intention into measurable action. First, during the initial week, the creator should finalize the niche using the tripartite framework, identify five small competitor channels, and compile a list of ten specific video ideas that are more granular than existing content. Second, the creator should establish a dedicated Google account, create the channel branding (name, logo, banner), and write a channel description that clearly communicates the value proposition to new visitors. Third, in the second week, the creator should write three complete scripts, using AI for initial outlines but rewriting extensively to incorporate personal examples and local context, then record voiceovers and assemble the videos using free tools. Fourth, the creator should resist the perfectionist impulse and publish the first video by the end of the second week, because the learning derived from a published video vastly exceeds the learning derived from an unpublished draft. Fifth, during the third week, the creator should publish the second and third videos on a consistent schedule—for example, Monday, Wednesday, and Friday—and monitor two metrics exclusively: click-through rate and average view duration. Sixth, the creator should ignore subscriber counts and view totals during this initial period, because these lagging indicators obscure the leading indicators that actually determine long-term success. Seventh, in the fourth week, the creator should develop a free lead magnet (a checklist, template, or short guide) and a paid e-book priced at ₹99 to ₹199, establishing payment links through Instamojo or Razorpay with UPI integration. Eighth, the creator should integrate the lead magnet and e-book links into every video description, pinned comment, and verbal call to action, ensuring that the monetization pathway is visible without being intrusive. Ninth, the creator should join one relevant online community—a subreddit, a WhatsApp group, or a college forum—and share the free resource while soliciting feedback, thereby initiating the audience-building process beyond YouTube’s algorithm. Tenth, at the conclusion of thirty days, the creator should conduct a structured review: what worked, what failed, which tools proved essential, and which assumptions were invalidated, and then use this evidence to plan the next thirty days of faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 with greater precision and reduced uncertainty.
Conclusion:
The conclusion of this guide must return to the single most important truth about faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026: this is an asset-building game, not a lottery. Across ten detailed points, we have covered what faceless really means, how to choose a niche that advertisers actually pay for, how to test your idea with passion, proficiency, and profit, how to study small channels already winning, how to keep your tool costs low after so many beginners waste money on subscriptions, how to write scripts with a human touch so YouTube’s authenticity rules never catch you, how Revenue Per Mille decides your real income far more than raw views, how a small e-book can earn money before your channel is even monetized, how the eligibility bar doubles on 1 February 2027, and how to start with a simple thirty-day plan. The message running through all of it is consistent. Faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 will not make you rich in thirty days. It will not replace your job in month three. What it will do, if you stay consistent, is build a compounding asset. Each video adds authority. Each subscriber adds distribution. Each e-book sale turns a stranger into a customer. The real success stories are not only the viral outliers. They are people like the teacher and engineer in a Chhattisgarh village who taught their neighbours and built steady incomes of thirty to forty thousand rupees a month. That story is more useful than any screenshot of a crore-rupee channel, because it is repeatable. So do not wait for perfect equipment, a secret niche, or a paid course. Publish three honest videos. Create one small product. Track two numbers—click-through rate and watch time. Then improve. That is the whole game. Faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 rewards the person who starts small and stays consistent far more than the person who waits for certainty. The tools are ready, the payment links work, and the audience is already searching. Your only job now is to begin.
FAQ — 10 Questions and Answers
1. What exactly is faceless YouTube automation, in the simplest words?
It means running a YouTube channel without ever showing your face. You share information using voice, screen recordings, or stock videos. “Automation” just means using the same repeatable steps each time, so making videos becomes faster and easier as you go.
2. Is faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 still worth starting?
Yes, but with realistic expectations. It is worth it if you treat it as a skill-building small business over twelve to eighteen months. It is not worth it if you expect AdSense income in two or three months.
3. Do I need money to start a faceless channel?
No. You can start with free tools for scripts, voice, editing, and footage. A fully paid setup costs about ₹3,700 to ₹5,000 per month, but you should only upgrade after your channel earns something.
4. Will YouTube punish me for using AI?
No, AI itself is allowed. YouTube punishes generic, repetitive, low-effort videos. Use AI as a helper for drafts, then add your own examples, stories, and analysis. That human touch keeps you safe.
5. Which niche is best for faceless YouTube automation for beginners 2026 in India?
Personal finance, legal explainers, tech tutorials, and career guidance work well because advertisers pay more and competition is lower than motivation or entertainment niches.
6. How much can a small Indian channel earn per month?
It varies hugely. A low-value Hindi story channel might earn ₹3,000 from 650,000 views, while a finance channel with a Western audience could earn over ₹3,00,000 from fewer views. Audience value matters more than view count.
7. What is RPM and why does it matter so much?
RPM means revenue per thousand views. It depends on who watches you and what advertisers will pay to reach them. High-RPM niches like finance can pay over a hundred times more than general entertainment per view.
8. How does a small e-book help my channel?
An e-book priced at ₹99 or ₹199 can start earning within one to three months, long before YouTube monetization. It turns viewers into customers and gives you income that YouTube policy changes cannot take away.
9. What changes on 1 February 2027 for new channels?
The eligibility bar doubles. Instead of 4,000 watch hours, new applicants will need 8,000 valid watch hours in a year, or 20 million Shorts views in ninety days, plus 1,000 subscribers. Start now to prepare.
10. How do I sell an e-book from India and accept UPI?
Use local payment platforms like Instamojo or Razorpay. They support UPI, net banking, and wallets, and pay into your bank account in about three days. This converts better for Indian buyers than global platforms without UPI checkout.

